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PAU inglés Galicia 2015 - Once upon a time, fashion was only for the rich

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Galicia resueltos


Once upon a time, fashion was only for the richOnce upon a time, fashion was only for the rich. Paris was the centre of the fashion world, and everyone else  tried  to  copy  the  top  French  designers.  But  now,  fashion  is  a  much  more  international  matter. London,  like  other  big  European  cities,  has  a  large  number  of  its  own  talented  and  hard-working designers.
Anyway,  many  people,  especially  the  young, take  no  notice  of the  clothes  the  designers produce.  They wear  things  which  express  their  ideas  and  feelings  about  life.  They  use  fashion  like  a  kind  of  uniform. Take hairstyles, for example. If a boy has very short, almost shaven hair, people expect him to have right-wing politics whereas they expect boys with very long hair to have left-wing politics. A boy who wears a leather jacket covered in bits of metal will probably ride a motorbike, and a girl who wears Laura Ashley dresses will probably have middle-class ideas.
Some young people, of course, have fun with all the latest “street styles”. They cut their hair into strange shapes, wear lots of cheap jewellery, cut holes in their trousers to make them look old, or paint their lips blue. These “street styles” come and go, and are not the creation of the big fashion designers, who, in fact, often use ideas from street fashions when they make their own designs. Many young people simply try to look  as  clean  and  tidy  as  possible,  particularly  when  looking  for  a  job,  in  order  to  produce  a  good impression  on  possible  employers.  Clothes  with  a  sporty  look  are  popular,  as  they  make  people  look healthy and energetic.
Most British people are possibly not very fashion-conscious. Even the richest and most important people frequently wear old and untidy clothes, and, of course, only a very few can afford designer clothes.

Mass tourism can kill a city - PAU 2015 Andalucía resuelto

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Mass tourism can kill a city - PAU 2015 Andalucía resuelto
We have all been a tourist at some point, but citizens of great cities like Venice or Barcelona are trying to defend their traditional neighbourhoods from the massive invasion of tourists. The last local underwear shop in Venice closed a decade ago. This means that residents of this city of islands have to go to the mainland for such essential purchases. This is a warning sign. Any city that concentrates too much on mass tourism will be abandoned by its people when they can no longer pay the cost of housing, food and basic everyday necessities. 
We’re starting to see Venice without Venetians. It’s also happening in Barcelona, a city of 2 million inhabitants that received 7.5 million tourists last year. The local authorities say that they want to increase this to 10 million visitors per year. These figures have led to open conflict this summer. There have been neighbourhood assemblies and protests against the situation, because in popular places of the city the scale of visitor numbers is affecting not only residents’ quality of life, but their very ability to live in the area.
Neighbourhood communities are essential to the culture of southern Europe. Yet, people who live in popular tourist areas are at risk of being forced out by speculators who raise the rents of apartments and shops. The people who have always lived in these areas are forced to leave or, if they don’t, they suffer consequences such as noise and pollution levels that are difficult to combine with daily life. It’s paradoxical, but uncontrolled mass tourism ends up destroying the things that made a city attractive to visitors in the first place: the unique atmosphere of the local culture.  

Headphones are a danger to life - PAU inglés 2014

>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos


Headphones are a danger to lifeWalking with your head in the clouds can be dangerous – but not as risky as listening to your iPod. The numbers of people suffering serious injury or death while wearing headphones for MP3 players has tripled in six years, according to a US study. An increase in the use of headphones while walking in the street has led to a dramatic rise in the number of injuries, with men and young adults the most at risk from hurting themselves.
In the study, experts looked at data from 2004 to 2011. They found that 116 people in the US wearing headphones had died or been seriously hurt during that period. The number of people who died or were injured jumped from 16 in 2004-2005 to 47 in 2010-2011. Most victims were men (68%) and under the age of 30 (67%), with about one in 10 of all cases under the age of 18.
According to the study, published in the online journal Injury Prevention, 70% of the incidents resulted in death. The study found that wearing headphones may have played a direct part in many of the accidents, because the users could not hear warnings that they were in danger. The experts concluded: “The use of headphones may result in a safety risk to pedestrians, especially in environments with moving vehicles.”
Other studies have found that people wearing headphones – or who are talking on a mobile phone – can suffer from ‘inattentional blindness’ or ‘iPod oblivion’. This is a reduction in attention to the outside world and it can lead to people paying less attention to traffic when they cross the street.
Kevin Clinton, the head of road safety at the UK Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, advised pedestrians with headphones to: “Ensure you are not dangerously distracted and that you remain aware of what is happening around you.”

Immigrants - PAU Andalucía 2012

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Cover of Journey of Hope - The Story of Irish Immigration to America
By Kerby Miller - Ed. Chronicle Books 
My great-grandfather was born in Ireland in 1842. His father was a fisherman who died at sea. That's all I know about this period of his life. When he was nineteen, he and his older brother made their way to the United States. I often think about what he left behind in Ireland during the country's worst famine; I am sure that there was poverty all around them. If his family survived, there is no historical record. It must have been a hard journey across the ocean leaving his mother, brothers and sisters, perhaps forever. It is the tears of the immigrants that made the green fields of the USA.
My Irish ancestor somehow managed to work long and hard enough to buy a small farm in rural Indiana. He married a girl in Illinois, eventually raising ten children. He became active in rural township politics and proudly became an American citizen.

Twitter and Facebook at school - PAU inglés 2013 C. Valenciana

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Comunidad Valenciana resueltos


Twitter, Facebook and other social mediaA school in Taunton has begun teaching 13- and 14-year-old pupils about how to avoid defaming people on Twitter, Facebook and other social media.
Earlier this year, Lord McAlpine announced he would sue some Twitter users after being inaccurately connected to allegations of child abuse.
Media coverage of the McAlpine case prompted Taunton teachers to extend teaching on the use of the internet and social media, which falls into one section of the national curriculum. “The scheme began with lessons on basic internet safety”, said Carol Manley, senior teacher at the school. “We then realised that actually this was becoming quite a serious issue with things like parties on Facebook, the traps students can so easily fall into”.
The decision was made to teach pupils in year nine the basics of defamation, not least how to avoid being chased for compensation.
Manley said: “Of course, celebrities tweeting the wrong thing is in a different league to us, but it highlights how easily you can get something horribly wrong. It’s a good opportunity for us to say to the children, look, even something that starts off as a joke or something silly can actually get you into trouble. They’re also being taught to not even post anything like that.”“If you wouldn’t say something to a person’s face nor in front of me or your parents, then don’t say it.That’s the key bit that we try to get across to them. Pupils have to be aware that anyone can be defamed”, she added.
Adapted from an article by Peter Walker, guardian.co.uk, 26 December 2012

Wenn alle anderen Klassenkameraden mehr haben - PAU Alemán País Vasco 2013

Wenn alle anderen Klassenkameraden mehr haben…
Photo: Xue Jianyue
Ich gehöre in der Klasse zu den Ärmsten, aber den Unterschied zwischen meinen Mitschülern und mir sieht man erst auf den zweiten Blick. Im Gegensatz zu mir haben sie ein iPhone oder benutzen im Unterricht ihr iPad. Viele fahren mit ihrem Motorroller oder sogar einem eigenen Auto zur Schule. Ich selbst bin anderthalb Stunden mit dem Zug unterwegs. Meine Mutter, meine Schwester und ich wohnen in einem Vorort von Frankfurt, weil dort die Mieten billiger sind.
Meine Schule liegt in einer wohlhabenden Gegend, dem Westend in Frankfurt. Dort mache ich nächstes Jahr mein Abitur. Mein Glück ist, dass ich nicht die Einzige bin, deren Familie wenig Geld hat. Es gehen auch Kinder aus dem weniger betuchten Gallus-Viertel auf mein Gymnasium. Armut bedeutet für mich, dass wir uns über alle Anschaffungen Gedanken machen müssen und nie Geld da ist, wenn es für mich drauf ankommt: Für Studienreisen zum Beispiel können meine Mitschüler Angebote in Japan, Rom oder den USA annehmen. Ich kann nur an obligatorischen Klassenfahrten teilnehmen, weil die vom Amt bezahlt werden. Ich muss dann jedes Mal einen sogenannten Beihilfeantrag vom Lehrer unterschreiben lassen. Das ist unangenehm, weil es die anderen oft mitkriegen.
Meine Mutter ist mit Ende Zwanzig als politischer Flüchtling aus dem Iran nach Deutschland gekommen. Weil ihre Zeugnisse hier nicht anerkannt wurden, hat sie ihr Abitur noch einmal gemacht und Soziologie studiert. Vor zwei Jahren hat sie eine Ausbildung zur Erzieherin begonnen und arbeitet nun in Teilzeit an einer Schule.
Insgesamt hat sie so um die 1.100 Euro im Monat für uns drei. Taschengeld ist für uns nicht drin. Mein Zukunftswunsch: Medizin studieren und später bei „Ärzte ohne Grenzen“ im Ausland arbeiten. Ich möchte anderen Menschen helfen und Dinge tun, die mich glücklich machen.

The funeral - PAU Andalucía 2013

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Sad woman crying - eye - tearsWhen Jake entered the funeral home, he was shocked to find Mrs. Henderson sitting alone on a divan, crying with a pain usually reserved for young widows and fatherless children. Brian's unexpected death had left many questions unanswered, but it was evident that he had hated Mrs. Henderson (his mother-in-law) and she had hated him.
Jake stopped and watched her, and felt a sympathetic pressure grow within his chest. He had himself felt the sorrow of losing his father just two years before. He had learnt that everyone deals with death in a very personal way. He crossed the room. He approached her and touched her arm, trying to hold back his own tears. "Mrs. Henderson," he heard his own voice crack, "I'm so sorry for your loss."
"Mary..." she replied. It was really difficult to understand the old lady as she couldn't stop crying. She had one hand on top of the other, holding it, and trembling all over. All that reminded him of the widows and mothers he used to see cry on the evening news, those from Palestine and other conflict zones.
"I know, I know," Jake said. "It's hard but your daughter Mary is going to be okay." "No," Mrs. Henderson said. "Mary..."
"Mary what, Mrs. Henderson?" he asked, coming closer. She looked up at him, blind and lost in her tears, and he put his hands on her shoulders.
"Mary closed the car door on my finger!" she cried, raising her hands up to him, her pain pure, honest.

Fugitive's Facebook habit leads to arrest - PAU inglés 2013

>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos


Fugitive's Facebook habit leads to arrest - PAU 2013 inglés resuelto
Some people are good at being fugitives from the police. They stay at home, they go out in disguise or even create a new identity. Others are not so successful. Take the case of Maxi Sopo, a 26-year-old criminal who was in hiding in Mexico from the US police. His first big mistake was to use his Facebook page to tell his friends about the fun he was having. In regular updates on Facebook, Sopo said he was “living in paradise” in Mexico and “loving it”. Sopo, who arrived in the US from Cameroon in 2003, made money by selling roses in Seattle nightclubs. Then he moved on to bank fraud. But he soon learnt that police were investigating him and drove a rented car to Mexico in February. Investigators looked at social networking sites such as Facebook and MySpace but they could find no sign of him at first and couldn’t see his location in Mexico. Several months later, a secret service agent checked Facebook again and suddenly found Maxi Sopo. His photo showed him partying in front of a backdrop with BMW and Courvoisier cognac logos on it. Although Sopo’s profile was private, his list of friends was not. Assistant US Attorney, Michael Scoville, who helped to find Sopo, began to look through his list of friends. He was surprised that one of those was Rafael Rodríguez, linked to the Mexican justice department. Scoville immediately sent a message to the man. “We figured this was a person we could probably trust to keep our investigation discreet,” Scoville said. Rodriguez told Scoville he had met Sopo in Cancun’s nightclubs a few times. He learned where Sopo was living and passed that information back to Scoville, who informed the Mexican police. They arrested Sopo last month. If convicted of fraud, Sopo could go to prison for up to 30 years. Plenty of time to update his Facebook page.

Une femme passe le réveillon enfermée dans un supermarché . PAU francés 2013

Exámenes selectividad francés resueltos Andalucía


femme dans un supermarchéElle a bien passé le réveillon entourée de champagne et de foie gras, mais les bouteilles et les boîtes sont restées bien alignées dans les rayons... A Roubaix (Nord), une septuagénaire est en effet restée enfermée toute la nuit de la Saint-Sylvestre dans un supermarché.
Tout commence lundi 31 décembre, lorsque cette femme de 73 ans se rend dans un supermarché de la ville pour y faire quelques courses. "Légèrement fébrile", raconte La Voix du Nord, la femme se rend aux toilettes du magasin, où elle est victime d'un malaise. Personne ne vient à son secours, ni même ne la remarque. Et lorsqu'elle reprend ses esprits, quelques heures plus tard, elle découvre les allées vides, la lumière éteinte : le magasin a fermé. Logiquement, ses mouvements déclenchent l'alarme. Mais cela ne fera réagir personne susceptible de venir à son secours. "La cliente a passé toute la nuit à déambuler dans le magasin (...) Elle s'est même un temps réfugiée dans les bureaux pour tenter de dormir un peu", indique encore le quotidien du Nord. Pour son malheur, le magasin n'ouvrait pas le 1er janvier, jour férié. Mais par chance (enfin) un responsable a décidé d'y passer quand même pour voir si tout allait bien. Ce n'est ainsi qu'à 10 h 30, selon les secours, que la femme a été libérée de sa prison d'une nuit. 
Le Monde.fr, 2 janvier 2013

EOI País Vasco alemán B1 resuelto - Ich will das alles gar nicht wissen

Manchmal wäre man froh, wenn das Hirn eine Festplatte wäre, von der man einiges löschen könnte. Oder sogar vieles…

Stell dir vor, du würdest an Fresssucht leiden. Immer mehr stopfst du in dich hinein, der Bauch wird immer dicker, und der Hunger hört niemals auf. So geht es mir.
Morgens, direkt nachdem ich den Wecker ausschalte, ziehe ich mir den ersten Happen rein, noch im Bett: Facebook erzählt, dass sich Flo von seiner Freundin getrennt hat. Danach in die Küche und Kaffee kochen. Das Radio läuft: Der neue Berliner Flughafen soll später kommen. Beim Frühstück flimmert „Tagesschau 24“ im Livestream. Später müssen Youtube-Videos als Snack zwischendurch herhalten: Ein Affe im Zoo vergewaltigt einen Frosch. Der Tag endet mit den „Tagesthemen“, der neue beginnt mit Facebook.
Ich bin süchtig nach Informationen. Sie sind heutzutage einfach zu beschaffen und günstiger als billig, nämlich kostenlos. Das Problem ist die Qualität. Wie eine schlechte Currywurst liegt sie schwer im Magen. Los wird man den Mist nicht mehr, hartnäckig überlagert er dabei die wichtigen Informationen. An die zuletzt gelernten Französischvokabeln erinnere ich mich nicht, dafür beispielsweise an einen uralten Werbeslogan: „Nichts ist unmöglich“. Daneben grummelt im Magen ein Wikipedia-Artikel über die Starfighter-Affäre – „116 Soldaten verunglückt“ –, auf den ich während einer Recherche zu einem ganz anderen Thema stieß – wie immer...
An der Bushaltestelle, in der Vorlesung, in der Warteschlange an der Kasse – der Alltag lässt erahnen, was die Forscher wissen: Seit 1960 hat sich der tägliche Informationskonsum verdreifacht. Der Durchschnittsdeutsche verbringt monatlich mehr als 24 Stunden im Netz und hockt etwa 112 Stunden vor der Glotze. Ich habe keinen Fernseher, bin dafür aber 150 Stunden online. Damit vermeide ich zwar den TV-Trash, aber vieles auf Facebook, Twitter und Youtube ist auch nicht gehaltvoller. Ich mache jetzt erst einmal eine Diät.

Young turn to piracy to watch pay TV for free - PAU C.Valenciana 2012

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Comunidad Valenciana resueltos


Television satellite piracyBroadcasting analysts are predicting a fresh tide of television piracy with the launch of Sky Atlantic, the satellite channel that has bought the UK rights to many of America's most successful drama series.
Fans of popular US shows are already developing new, illicit ways of accessing episodes of the shows they love without the need to pay at least £20 a month to subscribe to Sky. While many non-subscription viewers are still happy to wait for the release of DVD box sets, younger audiences are already resorting to accessing episodes from illegal sites.
“If I have a good connection I will download a whole show in bits and see it whenever I like,” said Jake, from Bournemouth. “It is not about the money. It is about impatience and getting some power back.” Jake and his friends tend to watch television on the screens of their Macs, occasionally gathering together around a traditional TV set for live shows.
The trend is growing among those who are used to accessing music from pirate sites, says John Enser, a partner at media law firm Olswang. “Young people already know where to move from. And, broadly speaking, they know a legal site from an illegal one,” said Enser.
Yet the truth is that few who transgress will ever be fined, or even reprimanded. Broadcasters would not enjoy seeing their name linked to a legal action against a 12-year-old who has downloaded from the wrong place. As a result, the chances of any individual being pursued are tiny.

Adapted from an article by Vanessa Thorpe, The Observer, 6 February, 2011

Higher education in the US: What does it cost?

Student - money - education cost
The first thing to know is that the costs of undergraduate study in the United States are different from school to school. Private colleges and universities generally cost more than public ones. Another thing to keep in mind is that not all students pay a school's "published price." Financial aid and scholarships may reduce the cost. Here are a few numbers for this school year from the College Board organization. The average published price for undergraduate study at a four-year public college is about seven thousand dollars. That is for students from "in state." Students from other states and international students often have to pay the highest prices. They pay an average of more than eighteen thousand dollars. And these prices are only for tuition and fees. Food, housing, books and supplies can add from ten to twelve thousand dollars a year.
American students often have to take out a loan to help pay for their education, so they try to save money by starting their education at a two-year public college, also known as a community college, where the average tuition this year is about two thousand five hundred dollars. A few American colleges provide free education, and others pay all first-year costs for their foreign students, but they are expected to pay one thousand dollars a year after that.
(Adapted from http://www.voanews.com)

An atlas of the human mind- PAU inglés Andalucía 2010 resuelto

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Brain's activity futuristic designThe Allen Institute for Brain Science was founded in 2003 in Seattle. It is an independent non-profit medical research organization, which performs innovative basic research and distributes its discoveries freely to researchers worldwide. Scientists there started the unique task of mapping the human brain to create an atlas of the human mind.
While conventional brain maps describe distinct anatomical areas –many of which were first outlined in the 19th century– the Allen Brain Atlas seeks to describe the brain at the level of specific genes and individual neurons. So far, we can see the basic outlines of the brain structure, but we have no idea what’s happening inside the brain.
Although the Human Genome Project was completed more than five years ago and it established what the genes are, scientists don’t still understand their biological functions and have little idea about which genes are used to make the brain and where in the brain they are “expressed” or “turned on”.
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