Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta 2003. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta 2003. Mostrar todas las entradas

The Tower of London - PAU inglés Andalucía 2003 resuelto

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Tower of London raven claw
Image by Johanna
Ghosts are said to appear in James’s home repeatedly, but he hasn’t seen one yet. “People have died here,” says the 15-year-old boy from London. James’s father is a guard at the Tower of London, a former castle, prison, and execution place that was built in 1066 by William the Conqueror. And his family lives there!Today the Tower serves as a tourist attraction as well as a home to the guards and their families. The Tower is most famous for the prisoners who lost their lives there —and who supposedly still appear on the Tower grounds. At just 16, Lady Jane Grey was dethroned in 1553 after only a nine-day reign, and then her head was cut off by the new queen. In 1483 two young princes named Edward and Richard mysteriously disappeared. Almost 200 years later bones of two children were found near the White Tower.

Elvis lives! - PAU Madrid 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos C. Madrid


Young Elvis playing the guitarHe was the rock legend known as The King, she was a school-girl who loved him tender and swooned at the mere mention of his name. Now, thirty-nine years after she wrote to Elvis Presley promising to marry him when she grew up, Karen Golz has learned that her idol did not have a wooden heart. In a message from beyond the grave, his reply finally arrived.
It was as her 11th birthday approached in 1960 that Karen wrote to Elvis, who was serving as an American GI(1) in Germany. In a letter posted to the house where he was staying, she wrote: “Dear Elvis, It’s my birthday soon and if you send me your autograph I promise I will marry you when I grow up.”
Anxious not to disappoint his young fan, he wrote a note back, scrawling her name and address in Germany, on the envelope. Inside, the note said: “Dear Karen, May you have a very happy 11th birthday —and a lot of Teddy Bears. Your friend, Elvis.”
He gave the stamped and addressed envelope to his landlady to post. But she mislaid it and the letter lay undiscovered until the woman died. It was only when her family was cleaning out the house that the memento was rediscovered. Even though they realised its value to collectors, they donated the letter to the local Elvis Presley society.

The naughty boy of Europe. PAU 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Cataluña resueltos


The naughty boy of Europe
If generalizations were not so dangerous, we could say that there is something delinquent about British youth. According to statistics, British teenagers are worse behaved than others in Europe. They take drugs more often than others and only Danish teenagers drink as much alcohol. More teenage girls in Britain are more likely to get pregnant than any others in Western Europe. And so on. Some people think that teenagers in Britain have been a problem for a long time. But the truth is that it was not always like that. In the past decade, school exclusions among teenagers have rocketed1. The proportion of 14-17-year-old boys breaking the law rose by 14% between 1993 and 1999; girls are increasingly participating in violent crime. And the suicide rate among British males aged 15-24 has doubled over 30 years.
Some of these problems can be solved by simply thinking about them in a more rational way. Under-age drinking and cannabis smoking, for instance, are generally harmless, even if they are illegal. Teenage pregnancy statistics are not really so alarming: more British teenagers got pregnant 30 years ago. The only difference is that then they tended to be (or get) married, so they were not a burden2 to the taxpayer. The problem that is definitely expensive is delinquency because it tends to anticipate similar problems in later life.
Some people say there are two major causes that explain all these problems among teenagers. One explanation is economic and the other is familial. The decline of British industry has meant that poorly educated men, in particular, have fewer job opportunities. So more children grow up in families where parents are unemployed. The weakness of this explanation is that many of the problems in teenagers affect the entire social scale, not just the poorer families. The other explanation emphasizes the growth of divorce and the long hours that British parents are at work away from home.
Because familial instability and poverty often accompany each other, it is difficult to say which one has a greater influence on teenagers’ behaviour. But one way in which the government can make a difference is to keep more children in school: fewer children continue studying after the age of 16 than in most comparable countries, and more teenagers leave school before they finish secondary education than in most other EU countries.
There is, however, a less pessimistic explanation of these problems among teenagers. Even if it is true that a minority of young people are getting too little education, most of them are getting more education than their parents did. This prolongation of education may be causing an unwanted side effect3 because teenagers get their first job later in life. This means that adolescence persists longer and the assumption of adult responsibilities takes place later in life than it previously did. During this prolonged adolescence, British teenagers tend to get less support from their families than adolescents in other countries and this may be the real cause of most of their problems. Britain’s unruly4 teenagers are probably the price of progress.
(From the press. Adapted)

Hawaiians reclaim their culture - PAU Cataluña inglés 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Cataluña resueltos


For the past three centuries Hawaiian culture has been attacked by the cultures of immigrant groups from places such as China, Japan, the Philippines, and, of course, the U.S. As early as the 1820s, cultural conflict led to the prohibition of the hula, which is a way of dancing and chanting in praise of the Hawaiian gods, among them Kane, the creator; Lono, god of harvests; and Ku, the god of war, regarded by Christian missionaries as pagan.
By the time Hawaii became a state in 1959, its culture had been seriously eroded1. Many Hawaiians were angered as they had to prove that they had at least 50 percent Hawaiian blood to receive land grants. This lead to an insurgent movement in favor of land for all Kanaka Maoli, Original People, no matter how little native blood they had. Hawaiians resented the fact that in the new state the language continued to be forbidden in schools, and were enraged at the high crime rates and poor health standards.
Although the Hawaiians never lost their voice, only in the past two decades have people started paying close attention to them. Today the old term «part Hawaiian» is considered derogatory2, and of the 1.2 million people living in the islands, almost 250,000 identify themselves as «native Hawaiian», wholly or in combination with another ethnic group.
The 1970s saw four main expressions of the Hawaiian cultural renaissance: the recovery of the island of Kaho’olawe, the return of voyaging, the «Battle of the Bones», and the revival of traditional hula. The U.S. military had been using the small island of Kaho’olawe as a bombing target since 1941, despite the fact that it contains some 2,000 archaeological sites. In the late 1970s the bombing provoked anger, demonstrations and occupation of this uninhabited island, which since 1990 has been set aside for the preservation of Hawaiian culture.
The 1970s also saw the revival of voyaging in the ancestral way, sailing the Pacific in traditional canoes. Hawaiian voyaging had ended in the 14th century but the art of navigating and the ancient methods of reading the stars still existed on remote Pacific islands. Pius Piailug, «Mau», has brought back the art of crossing the Pacific following the stars, and a proud culture of voyaging that teaches discipline and self-steem has grown up around Hawaiian canoes.
The so-called Battle of the Bones erupted in the mid-1980s when a Ritz-Carlton hotel was proposed at Honokahua on a burial ground3. Protests were so strong that in 1989 the planned hotel was moved back to preserve the sanctity of the site, and new laws were passed to prevent buildings from desecrating ancient Hawaiian sites.
Hula is a symbol of the Hawaiian people. It is a performance of storytelling, chanting and stamping4, by one person or in groups. It is entertainment as well as a formal way of greeting visitors and of praising events and places. It teaches Hawaiian language, history, genealogy and spirituality. To most natives, hula was life, so it was not surprising that mothers used to teach hula to their daughters before they could walk.
(From the press. Adapted)

Tales of youth and age - PAU 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Cataluña resueltos


The conflict between youth and ageIt is a story as old as boy meets girl ... who become man and woman ... who become father and mother ... who grow old ... and who become more and more resentful about the behaviour of the younger generation. Yet that story is developing today some new twists1. They arise from science, from economics and from society. For, in a very broad sense, the conflict between youth and age could be one of the defining issues2 of the 21st century.
Maybe it is too early in the century to make such a risky claim. Demography, however, is a predictable tendency. Remember that even in 1900 one thing was clear: that industrial and social change was shifting3 millions of people into the cities and the factories. The political and economic consequences of that were unpredictable, but the rise of urban working classes did indeed prove to be one of the 20th century’s defining issues.
Today, the twists and turns of youth and age are pushing in all sorts of different directions.
Statistics show clearly that science, combined with the better diet that comes with money, is making almost everyone outside the AIDS-afflicted areas of sub-Saharan Africa live longer.
The conventional worry is that rich countries will, by 2025, have too little youth and too much old age. Those countries will be divided between taxpayers and benefit-consumers, just as they are divided today between those with children (who consume public services) and the increasing number of those without (who think they pay for the services).
Even in the developing countries, a time comes, perhaps nearer 2050, when that same problem will arise. And, unless they are by then much richer, battles between the young and the old could come to dominate politics in the same way as battles between workers and bosses, rich and poor, did in the past.
Yet in the rich world, the latest transformations have been paradoxical and opportunities for the young have been proliferating. The companies of the 1990s became less hierarchical, seniority counted for less, initiative and creativity for more; and when technology conspires today to benefit those who are able to exploit it, the balance shifts distinctly towards the young.
But who are the young? Another twist brought by science is that people now feel young and look young and social customs allow them to express that feeling, in dress or behaviour. Last Christmas the top-selling disc around the world was another compilation of the greatest hits of that timeless youth phenomenon ... The Beatles. The line between youth and age has become blurred4, and is likely to get even blurrier. If governments allow for it, the line between work and retirement should also fade, as more people choose to carry on working, either full- or part-time, into their 70s or even 80s.
These are long-run5 forces. But, as a famous economist once said, in the long run we are all dead. Think now of the short-run forces, like war and economic depression, that changed the demographic trends in the 20th century. Will they do it again?
(From the press. Adapted)

La revanche des timides - PAU 2003

>Exámenes selectividad francés Cataluña resueltos


Pour Daniel, 34 ans, ses pommettes* ont toujours été source de souffrance et de frustration. Daniel rougit. Beaucoup. Tout le temps. Pour rien. Un sourire, une question, un compliment. Et il ne sait plus ni parler, ni s’asseoir. Du coup, il est devenu un stratège du camouflage: «Il m’est arrivé, raconte-t-il, juste avant un rendez-vous important, de partir en week-end à la montagne pour attraper un coup de soleil. Cela ne m’empêchait pas de rougir, mais personne ne le voyait». Aujourd’hui, Daniel ne se cache plus : «Je suis introverti, dit-il, mais je l’assume».
Ils ne le savent pas encore, mais les timides sont les nouveaux héros du IIIe millénaire. «Les valeurs de notre société se féminisent, il faut montrer sa sensibilité, ses émotions, sa vulnérabilité. Du coup, les timides sont de plus en plus appréciés», affirme le psychiatre Christophe André. C’est une revanche historique pour ces héros très discrets.
A une époque où l’individu exhibe son ego, on réclame, de plus en plus, des pauses, des respirations, des points de suspension. Ainsi, le sociologue David Le Breton préconise une éthique de la conversation «où toute parole est en effet précédée d’une voix silencieuse». Or, qui mieux que le timide sait encore se taire? Qui mieux que lui sait écouter les autres?
Tout le monde, un jour ou l’autre, a éprouvé de l’appréhension au moment de prendre la parole devant cinq personnes, de faire une déclaration d’amour ou de réclamer l’argent qu’on a prêté. «Le sentiment d’être timide vient de l’appréhension qu’on éprouve chaque «première fois», la première fois qu’on danse, parle, ou marche devant les autres», explique le psychiatre Christophe André. «Le manque de confiance en soi, la peur de décevoir, est la source de la timidité, ajoute le psychiatre Frédéric Fanget. Très exigeants avec eux-mêmes, les introvertis recherchent la perfection dans tout». Du coup, ce sont souvent les meilleurs.
Dans le milieu professionnel, la discrétion et le désir de bien faire sont de plus en plus appréciés par les patrons. Le sociologue Jean-Marie Peretti estime que le timide ambitieux mettra peut-être plus de temps à construire une carrière, mais qu’elle sera plus solide, plus durable.
Ne demandez pas aux timides pourquoi ils veulent se soigner, car ils souffrent. Pour le psychiatre Jean-Pierre Lépine, il ne s’agit pas d’abolir la timidité, mais d’en maîtriser les effets. On peut jouir de sa timidité, comme l’a écrit Kant : «Le regard d’une femme suffisait pour m’intimider. Plus je voulais plaire, plus je devenais gauche*. Mais alors, au milieu des malheurs affreux de ma timidité, qu’un beau jour était beau!»
D’après L’Express, 22-28 août 2002

Tu seras cadre, mon fils! - PAU 2003

>Exámenes selectividad francés Cataluña resueltos


Devenir cadre«Comment devient-on cadre?» s’est demandé Daniel Martinelli, chargé d’études au Cereq (Centre d’Études et de Recherches sur les Qualifications). Réponse: avec un bon diplôme d’enseignement supérieur.
Après avoir analysé la trajectoire professionnelle de 30.000 jeunes sortis du système éducatif en 1992 et leur situation professionnelle au bout de cinq ans, le chercheur est arrivé à cette conclusion: le baccalauréat, si chargé de symbole, n’est pas un passeport suffisant. Seuls 3,7% des titulaires de ce seul diplôme deviennent cadres. Et les bac+2*? Ces diplômes débouchent en majorité sur les emplois de techniciens. 9% seulement des diplômés de ce niveau sont cadres au bout de cinq ans. Il faut au minimum une licence* ou une maîtrise* pour accéder au statut de cadre. Les statistiques sont là pour le prouver: 59% de ces diplômés y sont parvenus au bout de cinq ans.
Devoir son statut à un diplôme plutôt qu’à un piston*, en apparence, c’est plus démocratique. Mais l’enquête du Cereq démontre également, statistiques à l’appui, que suivant que son papa est cadre ou ouvrier, les chances d’obtenir ces titres ou grades sont, encore et toujours, très inégalement réparties. «L’effet de l’origine sociale sur la formation reste considérable», note ainsi Daniel Martinelli. D’après ses calculs, un enfant de cadre a quatorze fois plus de chances d’entrer dans une grande école qu’un enfant d’ouvrier. Il a neuf fois plus de chances d’effectuer un doctorat. Même pour obtenir un diplôme à bac+2, il reste un privilégié: il a deux fois plus de chances de le décrocher qu’un enfant d’ouvrier.
Ces chiffres sonnent-ils le grand échec des idéaux d’ouverture de l’école républicaine? Daniel Martinelli se refuse à cette conclusion. « Il est exact que la part des enfants de cadres diplômés du supérieur reste constante depuis quinze ans, note-t-il. Mais, parallèlement, la part des cadres dans la population active ne cesse de croître; cela démontre que les enfants issus d’autres catégories socioprofessionnelles accèdent en plus grand nombre au supérieur ».
Toutefois, trente ans après les grands rêves de démocratisation de l’université, l’ascenseur social se révèle bien lent.
D’après Le Nouvel Observateur, 13-19 septembre 2001

SIDA: la peste du XXIe siècle. PAU 2003

>Exámenes selectividad francés Cataluña resueltos


Protegez-vous - SIDA- AIDSUn décès* toutes les onze secondes. Une nouvelle contamination toutes les six secondes. L’épidémie de sida, avec déjà quelque 20 millions de morts, et 68 millions à l’horizon 2020, est en train de devenir la pire de toutes celles qui ont marqué l’histoire de l’humanité. Ses dégâts* sont déjà supérieurs à ceux de la peste noire. Partie de l’Inde au XIVe siècle, elle avait ravagé* l’Europe, y tuant plus de 25 millions de personnes. Cette fois, le danger est mondial. Plus de 40 millions de personnes sont infectées; 3 millions sont mortes l’an dernier.
Avec 28 millions de persones contaminées, l’Afrique paie le plus lourd tribut. L’espérance de vie moyenne y est de 47 ans. En Asie et en Russie, l’épidémie galope. Dans ce dernier pays, l’Onusida* estime à 83 000 les nouveaux cas en 2001, ce qui porte à 200 000 le nombre de malades du sida pour cette année-là, contre 100 000 en 1998. En Inde, près de 4 millions de personnes vivent avec le virus.
Partout, l’information doit progresser, et des campagnes de prévention doivent être intensifiées et s’adresser notamment aux jeunes (la moitié environ des nouvelles infections concernent les 15-24 ans). Près de 12 millions de jeunes sont séropositifs, et près de 6 000 sont infectés chaque jour. Les experts d’Onusida estiment «crucial de combattre les facteurs économiques, politiques, sociaux et culturels, qui rendent les individus et les communautés vulnérables au sida». Pour eux, l’accès généralisé aux traitements est une nécessité absolue.
Or, chaque année, 500 000 malades reçoivent des médicaments antirétroviraux en Occident, contre seulement 30 000 en Afrique. La situation n’est guère plus favorable en Asie et dans le Pacifique, malgré la très importante baisse du prix – plus de 90 % de diminution – des médicaments à destination des pays les plus pauvres. «Il faudrait 10 milliards de dollars chaque année uniquement pour le sida, et cela pendant dix ans», estime le docteur Peter Piot, directeur d’Onusida.
Enfin, les pays riches sont confrontés à un autre problème: le relâchement de la vigilance, depuis l’arrivée des trithérapies. Or le virus est loin d’être vaincu. Et pourtant, une note d’espoir vient éclaircir ce sombre tableau: un nouveau médicament, qui empêche le virus de pénétrer les cellules, a fait la preuve de son efficacité chez des malades devenus résistants aux traitements disponibles. Le T20 devrait être bientôt disponible.
D’après Le Point, vendredi 12 juillet 2002

Saying goodbye after 30 months? - PAU inglés Andalucía 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Time expiredForget the traditional Valentine card message; love is not forever. In fact, for most people, it lasts no more than 30 months. After that, according to research on the nature of romance, couples have to choose between breaking up and deciding that they are easy enough with each other to stay together.
The conclusions of Professor Cindy Hazan, Cornell University, based on 5,000 interviews across 37 cultures and medical tests on couples challenge the romantic ideal, suggesting instead that men and women are biologically and mentally predisposed to be "in love" for only 18-30 months. That is just long enough for a couple to meet, mate, and produce a child.
There is evidence that what we call love is created by a chemical cocktail in the brain. Some chemicals are registered together only during the initial stages of a relationship. But even the most ardent lovers develop a tolerance to the effects of these chemicals, as a drunk person becomes immune to a single glass of alcohol. Love becomes a habit, especially if there are children.

Senator wants to jump-start college for all

Senator John Edwards
Senator John Edwards today will propose a government program to pay the first year's college tuition for a student who also works 10 hours a week at a job or community service. Edwards says offering a jump-start* would encourage more people to go to college. Once there, they would be better able to pursue financial aid and recognize the value of a college education.
In addition, he'll put forward plans to offer four-year, full-tuition scholarships to students who agree to teach in hard-pressed schools or work in homeland security for five years after graduation. Edwards' speech at the University of Maryland embraces an expanded federal role -and billions of dollars in new spending- in raising pay and standards for teachers, reducing the size of high schools and making college more affordable.
Edwards also urges colleges to end admissions practices that give a preference to alumni's children and that offers early decisions to students who apply early and agree to attend if accepted. Both policies tend to be used most by upper-income students. "Today, it's too hard for too many Americans to dim up the ladder of success," he says. "It is time for some reforms to get back to our democratic roots."

 *glossary: jump-start = ayuda inicial

Smile you're on camera - PAU 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos C. Madrid


Smile you're on cameraVideo cameras in public places - parks, courtyards, alongside roadways - are quickly becoming the preferred security tools of law enforcement agencies and private companies. And as surveillance technology becomes more sophisticated and cheaper to implement, the debate between public safety and personal privacy is once again growing.
The police department in Ybor City, a southern Florida tourist district, is testing a new surveillance system of video cameras and computers. At the heart of the system is a $30,000 software program called Face-It. The software can capture the faces of up to four people from the 36 cameras installed throughout the heavily trafficked shopping and nightclub district. Then, the program compares the captured images against a database of photos by examining up to 80 points of facial references centered on eyes and noses. If the program doesn't find a match among the database of 30,000 photos maintained by the police department, the captured images are discarded. But if a match is found, observers radio a local police officer to stop and verify the identity of the person on the street.
In many cities, the easy and rapid proliferation of such public surveillance systems has worried those who argue for the right to privacy. According to the New York Civil Liberties Union, New York City literally has thousands of cameras. High traffic areas of New York City, for example, are monitored not only by the police, but by various government and private agencies as well. The fact that anyone could have access to those pictures makes some people feel uncomfortable.

Boys and girls - PAU Valencia 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Comunidad Valenciana resueltos

Cute boy&girl couple
Source: Skin&Blis
Boys tend to play outside, in large groups that are hierarchically structured. Their groups have a leader who tells others what to do and how to do it, and resists doing what other boys propose. It is by giving orders that high status is negotiated. Another way boys achieve status is to take centre stage by telling stories and jokes, and by challenging the stories and jokes of others. Boys´games have winners and losers and elaborate systems of rules that are frequently the subjects of arguments. Finally, boys are frequently heard to boast about their skills, likes and possessions, and argue about who is best at what.
Girls, on the other hand, play in small groups or pairs. The centre of a girl´s social life is her best friend. Within the group, intimacy is key: differentiation is measured by relative closeness. In their most frequent games, such as jump rope and hopscotch, everyone gets a turn. Many of their activities (such as playing with dolls) do not have winners or losers. Although some girls are certainly more skilled than others, girls are expected not to boast about it, or show that they think they are better than the others. Girls don´t give orders: they express their preferences as suggestions, and suggestions are likely t be accepted.
Martin, N. (2000). “Women must wait 15 years for equality on housework”

Dragons - PAU Madrid 2003 inglés

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos C. Madrid


Black dragon
From picturescloset.com by Cyrus Lum
Of all the mythological creatures, few have captured the human imagination as much as the dragon. It appears in the literature and legends of cultures as diverse as China, Japan, Iran, the Mayans, classical Greece, Rome, Judaism, the Babylonians, ancient Egypt, and medieval Europe.
These fascinating creatures have taken different forms and qualities in the mythologies of different cultures throughout history. To the Chinese, a dragon was an immensely wise animal which brought good luck. But for the Norsemen of Scandinavia, it was an evil, terrifying and treacherous monster. And to the ancient Greeks, the dragon was often a creature of intelligence and virtue - and might be found guarding shrines dedicated to the gods. All these dragons do have some things in common, however. They tend to be shown with huge bat-like wings, long toothed jaws like a crocodile, piercing eyes, sharp eagle-like talons and huge scaly bodies - and they can often breathe fire. Another common point is that they're always creatures of immense power and strength.
But where do dragons come from? The creatures they most resemble, in size and shape, are dinosaurs - but since the last dinosaurs died out tens of millions of years before the first humans ever appeared, that seems an unlikely source of inspiration. One theory is that the earliest humans may have evolved when huge lizards - smaller than dinosaurs, but larger than anything known today - were still around. Another theory is that the dragon represents something submerged in the human subconscious. It's fun to speculate, but nobody knows for sure.

It's getting worse again

Segregation must go!
When you look at racial segregation in America's schools, another new study presents a bleaker picture. The Harvard report produces some discouraging figures from the country's  public -state-run- schools. After the schools began desegregating in the mid-1950s, they became steadily more integrated until the late 1980s; but then the trend slowed down, and went into reverse. On average, white children go to schools that are 80% white. 
Segregation is worst in the largest city school systems, where enrolment is now overwhelmingly non-white. Yet it is also a problem in the suburbs, where schools once largely white are now mostly black or brown. As the minorities move out from the city centres, whites move even farther out. As the report shows, schools now closely follow housing patterns; if these are heavily segregated, the schools will be too. 
The report's most striking finding, however, is the emergence of Latinos both as the fastest growing minority and the most segregated one. They are divided from whites and blacks not only by race but also by poverty and language. They also do worst at school, with the highest drop-out rates. Their presence now is worrying proof that racial segregation in the schools will get worse before it gets better.

Immigration - PAU C.Valenciana 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés Comunidad Valenciana resueltos

The variety of races and different cultural values is now a reality in Europe. This presents a new challenge for the Spanish government who must aim to integrate, both socially and culturally, these new immigrants.
The growth of foreign resident population in Spain has gone beyond all expectations since 1998. Nowadays, the Balearics is the autonomous community with the highest percentage of foreign residents, compared to the national average, with 4.8%, followed by the Canary Islands with 3.4%. This increase in foreign population, which implies funds for special integration programmes, will mean additional funding to be negotiated because public administrations need sufficient means to provide services: transport, water, hospitals, schools, etc.
While the majority of Europeans come to Spain looking for “paradise” and a better quality of life, others, such as immigrants from Central America, Asia, and Africa come needing either to find a job and an escape from poverty, or to avoid political or religious persecution.
Unfortunately, however, in many cases this “paradise” becomes the struggle for survival, for their daily bread, and must accept all kinds of low-paid jobs where they have to work very long hours, and therefore it is very difficult for them to interact and mix with local people.

“Legally registered foreigners”, The Post, December 2002

La langue européenne . PAU 2003

Exámenes selectividad francés resueltos Andalucía


La langue européenne, explique Jurgen Schröder, sera l’élément déterminant de l’identité européenne. Elle ne peut donc pas être l’anglais, langue de la superpuissance américaine. Pourquoi l’Europe devrait-elle encore, en l’adoptant, se soumettre à une dépendance linguistique et culturelle, alors qu’elle doit s’affirmer, dans toute sa diversité, par son identité, sa cohésión et sa solidarité entre européens? Le français représente la seule alternative possible, affirme Schröder. “Le français, écrit-il, n’est pas seulement une langue très belle et très logique, mais il est surtout, pour notre continent ouvert sur le monde, l’unique idiome qui pourrait avoir la chance, de Lisbonne à Saint-Pétesbourg et à Casablanca, d’être accepté comme langue seconde européenne à côté de la langue nationale. Avec lui, l’Europe est libre de se décider”.
La Convention européenne, chargée d’élaborer un projet de Constitution, n’a pas encore abordé la question linguistique. À l’heure du choix, alors que la conjoncture redevient plus favorable au français et que lui seul peut répondre à l’urgente nécessité d’une langue véhiculaire et identitaire de l’Europe, il serait insensé et impardonnable que les responsables européens, y compris les Français, après des années d’inertie face à la volonté d’hégémonie culturelle anglo-saxonne, n’assument pas désormais, fermement, la responsabilité historique qui est la leur.
Paris Match, 15 janvier 2003

Predators - PAU Andalucía 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Tiger face with opened jawsThe living things in an ecosystem affect each other in many ways. The consumers that kill other animals for food are called predators. The word predator usually brings to mind pictures of lions and wolves, but such creatures as owls, frogs, and humans are also predators. Some predators, carnivores such as lions, depend entirely on the animals they kill, while many others, such as foxes and humans, eat plants too.
Some people think of predators as ‘bad’, though humans themselves are the greatest predators the world has known. Sometimes individual predators attack farm animals, and so they have to be controlled. Too often, however, people try to exterminate entire populations of predators, with the mistaken idea that they are doing good.
People usually believe that predators have an easy time killing defenceless prey. But studies of predators and they prey show that this isn’t so. After observing tigers in Africa, Dr George Miller wrote: “Their acute senses, great speed, strength and size, and formidable claws and teeth have given many naturalists the impression that they can kill whenever they want… My experience shows quite the contrary: the tiger has to work quite hard for its meals.”

Hard work - PAU Andalucía 2003

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


woman from Saudi Arabia - veilingMany women from Saudi Arabia are annoyed that occidental observers often criticize the inadequacies of their country and concentrate on questions of sexual segregation, but can't see the real problems that women themselves consider far more frustrating, such as the veiling or the prohibition against their driving.
Gihan Ramadan, in a commentary published by the daily Arab News, said Saudi women were more worried about finding good work in a hard jobs market than about wearing a veil. She then criticized the barriers that prevent Saudi women from putting their education and energy to work. Only six per cent of women are categorized as workers, many in the fields of teaching, nursing, medicine, or charity work. Although many women do really need to work, there are also many restrictions on their participation in various professions.

Morally harmful sports - PAU inglés Andalucía 2003 resuelto

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía


Peeball baby playerIn Uzbekistan billiards was prohibited because it is "morally harmful." It is not known who prohibited it, but local authorities enforced it anyway. The true reason might have to do with organised crime or maybe just someone "important" lost a game. As the country has no free press, no one will find out what exactly happened. A spokesman of the Tashkent city council said that places with smoke, where alcohol is sold, can't be good for sports and should therefore be closed.
The country's Billiard Federation is very frustrated: they had planned to take part in many international competitions, but now they are not allowed to practise any more. "What would the authorities do if something like "peeball" were practised here?" wondered a spokesperson of the Billiard Federation.
Peeball is the "New Urinal Sport" that is a big success in Britain. The game is easy to play: put a peeball at the base of a urinal and try to disintegrate it with your pee. The faster you are, the more points you make.

Use of English: The Tower of London

Tower of London raven claw
Image by Johanna




USE OF ENGLISH 

THE TOWER OF LONDON

 


7) Give one synonym for REPEATEDLY (adverb) (l. 1)
8) Find in the text one opposite for  EARLIER (adverb)
9)   Give a noun with the same root as APPEAR (verb) (l. 5)
10)  Find in the text the word which has the following definition:            
      “remove a king/queen from their position of power” (verb)
11)  Turn the following sentence into reported speech:               
       James said: “People have died here.”
12)  Turn the following sentence into the active voice:                
       Two children were found near the White Tower.
13) Join the following sentences using an appropriate linker (do not use AND or BUT). Make changes if necessary.
       Lots of tourists visit that old building every year. It is one of the major attractions in London.
14)  Give a question for the underlined words:                   
       The Tower of London was built in 1066.

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