Atapuerca, the great discovery - PAU inglés Andalucía 2013 resuelto

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía

Today’s society has a deep interest in the origins and evolution of our species. Scientists have come a long way since the discovery of the Neanderthals, more than 150 years ago. They now have much more complex theories in which genetic studies play a central role.
We can certainly situate our ancestors in Africa and relate them to other primates from whom they diverged about 7 million years ago. This evolutionary process was marked by the physical signs of adaptation to climate and environmental changes: upright position and mobility based on back legs, which freed arms and hands. But the most important adaptation was the change of their brains, which grew and became the body’s main energy consumer. With roughly a 600 cm3 brain, this Homo habilis developed the ability to produce simple tools for the first time in the history of humankind. After many repeated experiments, another ancestor, Homo ergaster, whose brain was probably around 1000 cm3, began to make sets of symmetrical tools called “bifaces”. The production and use of these tools constantly reinforced their cognitive skills. They were also able to create artefacts composed of different materials by using different techniques. All this finally led to changes in their social organization.
The best evidence of human life from more than a million years ago has been discovered in Atapuerca. Several species have been reconstructed thanks to the remarkably good state of the unearthed human skulls and bones. They have been used as a basis for studies on human evolution. However, two things remain unclear: how they migrated and extended throughout the different areas and how they communicated.

 RESPUESTAS

I. READING COMPREHENSION

ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-3 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE TEXT. USE YOUR OWN WORDS.

1. What physical changes did our ancestors go through to adapt to the environment? PAR.2
2. What were the great advances of Homo ergaster? Mention two. PAR.2
3. Which two aspects of human evolution have not been clarified yet? PAR.3

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS.
4. There is no difference between Homo habilis and Homo ergaster’s brain.

• FALSE: The second one has a bigger brain and the instruments they make were more complicated and specialised.

5. Various species are being reconstructed because of the excellent condition of the bones.

• TRUE: Several species have been reconstructed thanks to the remarkably good state of the unearthed human skulls and bones

II. USE OF ENGLISH

6. FIND IN THE TEXT THE WORD WHICH HAS THE FOLLOWING DEFINITION:”A person related to you who lived a long time ago”.

• ancestor 

7. GIVE A NOUN WITH THE SAME ROOT AS “relate” (verb) (line 4)

• relation, relationship, relative

8. FILL IN THE GAP WITH THE CORRECT PREPOSITION.  (of/from/ to/off)

• Neanderthals differ from the rest of primates.

9. FIND IN THE TEXT ONE OPPOSITE FOR: “certain” (adjective).

• unclear 

10. TURN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE INTO REPORTED SPEECH.
“Did Michael try to call me yesterday?”, he said.

• He asked if Michael had tried to call him the day before.

11. REWRITE THE SENTENCE WITHOUT CHANGING ITS ORIGINAL MEANING. BEGIN AS INDICATED.
She is designing a special dress for me.

• I am having a special dress designed for me. // a dress specially designed for me.

12. FILL IN THE GAP WITH THE CORRECT OPTION.
      a) drive b) driving) c) to drive

• Would you let me drive your car?

13. GIVE A QUESTION FOR THE UNDERLINED WORDS
I am going to take French lessons three times a week.

• How often are you going to take French lessons?

III. PRODUCTION

14. WRITE A COMPOSITION OF APPROXIMATELY 120 WORDS ABOUT THE TOPIC PROPOSED AND FOCUS STRICTLY ON IT:

• Which invention or inventions have changed the world the most and why?

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