Education helps brain against dementia changes - PAU inglés Andalucía 2011 resuelto

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People who stay in education for longer appear to be better able to compensate for the effects of dementia on the brain, a study suggests. A UK and Finnish team found those with more education had the same chances of showing the signs of dementia in their brains at death as those with less education. However, they were less likely to have displayed symptoms during their lifetime, the study said. Experts claimed that scientists now had to find out why the effect occurred.

Over the past decade, studies on dementia have consistently shown that the more time you spend in education, the lower the risk of dementia. Nevertheless, studies have been unable to show whether or not education - which is linked to higher socio-economic status and healthier lifestyles - protects the brain against dementia.

The researchers in this study examined the brains of 872 people whose ageing process had been monitored. Before their deaths, they had also completed questionnaires about their education. The researchers found that more education makes people better able to face changes in the brain associated with dementia. Besides, those with more education are better able to compensate for the effects of the condition. Ruth Sutherland, chief executive of the Alzheimer's Society, said: "This is the largest study ever to confirm that books could help you fight the symptoms of dementia in later life”. Rebecca Wood, chief executive of the Alzheimer's Research Trust, added: "This research suggests that education is not able to stop the damage of the cells in the brain but enables it to cope better and alleviate its impact."

  RESPUESTAS

I. READING COMPREHENSION

Answer questions 1-3 according to the information given in the text. Use your own words.

1. What did the UK and Finish team find in the study?

• They found that everybody, regardless of their education, had signs of dementia in their brains after being dead. However, people with more education are less likely to suffer from symptoms while they are alive.

2. How did researchers carry out the study?

• The have examined the work of 872 brains and they have used questionnaires.

3. What did the study of Alzheimer´s Society conclude?

• This study concludes that books can help people fight the symptoms of this illness.

Are these statements true or false? Justify your answers with the precise words or phrases from the text, or use your own words.

4. “Educated people have fewer probabilities of showing symptoms of the illness”

• True. “However, they were less likely to have displayed symptoms during their lifetime”

5. “This is the first research ever done connecting education and dementia”.

• False. “Over the past decade, studies on dementia have consistently shown that the more time you spend in education, the lower risk of dementia”

II. USE OF ENGLISH

6. Find in the text the opposite for “higher” (adjective)

• Lower

7. Find one synonym for “consistently” (adverb) as it used in the text.

• Systematically, constantly

8. Give a noun with the same root as “strong” (adjective)

• Strength

9. Fill in the gap with the correct option: sensitive /sensible/decisive

• His sister is very sensible. She has a lot of common sense.

10. Fill in the gap with a correct form of the verb in brackets

• Sometimes it doesn´t stop raining for days in England (rain).

11. Join the following sentences using a relative. Make changes if necessary.
That's the girl. I told you about her.

• That´s the girl who I told you about.

12. Rewrite the sentence without changing its meaning. Begin as indicated.

She won´t be able to live a normal life if you don´t help her.

• Unless you help her, she won´t be able to live a normal life.

13. Use the words in the boxes to make a meaningful sentence. Use all and only the words in the boxes without changing their form.

          enough party it have warm a beach wasn´t To

• It wasn´t warm enough to have a beach party

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