A new tax on rubbish - PAU inglés Andalucía 2007 resuelto

>Exámenes selectividad inglés resueltos Andalucía

A new tax, known as “pay–as-you-throw,” in which British families will be charged for the amount of rubbish they produce, is to be brought nationwide.

The Government thinks there must be a radical revision of the way in which rubbish is thrown away, otherwise there is a real danger that city council taxes will have to rise and the environment will continue to suffer. In this sense, the Environment Minister has said he would look sympathetically at this new system, which would encourage recycling and make the polluter pay, as he is contributing to climate change.
According to figures published recently by a prestigious institute, Britain has the third worst recycling rate in the European Union, after Greece and Portugal. So, the Local Government Association has threatened to increase council tax bills if recycling doesn’t improve. It has said that this tariff will be needed to cover EU fines.
As in Britain every family owns its waste container, there is a project to secretly fit thousands of bins with microchips with a serial number identifying the home to which waste belongs. This is detected by a sensor on the truck as the bins are lifted for emptying. The weight of the rubbish it contains is calculated by equipment on the truck. This information is then transmitted to a central computer where it is recorded for its later use on household waste bills.

 RESPUESTAS

I. READING COMPREHENSION 

ANSWER QUESTIONS 1-2 ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION GIVEN IN THE TEXT. USE YOUR OWN WORDS.

1) What will the “pay as you throw” system prevent? (Give two reasons)

• IT WILL PREVENT A FASTER CLIMATE CHANGE, THE ENVIRONMENT FROM SUFFERING, AND BRITAIN FROM PAYING MONEY TO COVER EU FINES.

2) Which are the two reasons why microchips are used in bins?

• THEY ARE USED TO IDENTIFY PEOPLE AND THE QUANTITY OF RUBBISH THEY THROW AWAY.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT.

3) Families are already paying extra money for rubbish:

• FALSE: “A NEW TAX, …IS TO BE BROUGHT NATIONWIDE.” (lines 1 -2)

4) The Environment Minister doesn’t agree with this new system.. …

• FALSE: “ENVIRONMENT MINISTER…AT THIS NEW SYSTEM.” (line 5)

5) Great Britain is the third country in the European Union in recycling waste.

• FALSE: BRITAIN HAS THE THIRD … AND PORTUGAL. (lines 7-8)

6) The information is sent from a waste lorry to a computer.

• TRUE: THIS INFORMATION IS THEN TRANSMITTED TO A CENTRAL COMPUTER. (lines 12-13)

II. USE OF ENGLISH 

7) Find in the text one synonym for “stimulate” (verb).

• ENCOURAGE (line 5)

8) Give a noun with the same root as PRESTIGIOUS (adjective) (line 7)

• PRESTIGE 

9) Find in the text the word which has the following definition:

    “sum of money fixed as penalty for offence” (noun).

• FINE(S) (line 9)

10) Give one opposite for EMPTY (verb) (line 12).

• FILL, LOAD

11) Join the following sentences using a relative pronoun. Make changes if necessary.

      Citizens have to pay taxes. Local Governments fix them.

• CITIZENS HAVE TO PAY TAXES (,) WHICH LOCAL GOVERNMENTS FIX.
• LOCAL GOVERNMENTS FIX TAXES THAT CITIZENS HAVE TO PAY.

12) Turn the following sentence into passive voice: 

      My father has brought us up in the respect for human rights.

• WE HAVE BEEN BROUGHT UP IN THE RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS.

13) Give a question for the underlined words.

      In towns you will pay taxes twice a year.

• HOW OFTEN WILL I/WE PAY TAXES IN TOWNS? (“how many” is not acceptable)

14) Use the words in the boxes to make a meaningful sentence. Use all and only the words in the boxes without changing their form.

          BE LAW BY ISSUED THIS SEPTEMBER WILL

• THIS LAW WILL BE ISSUED BY SEPTEMBER.

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