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Password pressure - PAU inglés 2015
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
Nothing is more annoying than sitting at a computer screen, looking at a message saying “Password incorrect”. Modern technology is a wonderful thing, but when it crosses the line that divides helpful from annoying it can become a problem. Whether we like it or not, much of our daily life is now conducted online. As a result, we have many internet accounts and we need to remember a large number of passwords and usernames to gain access to them.
The password pressure of modern life means that 61% of us use the same password wherever we can. In fact, one in 10 people have 50 or more online accounts and many are not only using the same password for everything, but also writing down all their passwords in one place, such as a Post-it note stuck to their computer.
Some personal data, such as your mother’s name, might seem hard to decipher but if someone has any information about you, it may be easy to guess. However, this doesn’t mean you have to remember 50 completely nonsensical things.
The same password can be used for low-security accounts, such as discussion groups, but if the account is more important your password should be more complex.Never use standard dictionary words. Criminals use software that can go through every word in the dictionary and try them out as passwords in seconds. For more security, try mixing letters with numbers and punctuation. And the longer the password, the better it is in terms of security. Many sites ask for a “minimum six characters”, but you don’t need to stop there. Think of a memorable phrase, take the spaces out, or use the first letter of each word.
According to the Microsoft website, it’s not necessarily bad to write your password down —a piece of paper is harder for a criminal to hack than something on your computer, as long as it is carefully protected. So hide your password or disguise it. And never write "My internet password" at the top of the page.
New clothes which make people invisible to cameras - PAU 2015
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
Celebrities may finally have a way to defend themselves against unwanted street photographers' cameras thanks to a clever new clothes collection which is designed to ruin any images taken using flash photography.
DJ Chris Holmes has invented the Flashback Collection, an anti-paparazzi type of clothing that reflects the light from a camera's flash, creating a hopefully useless image which completely hides the wearer's face.
The collection includes a hooded jacket, a scarf, and a coat that look like everyday pieces, but essentially act as a mirror when hit with bright light, making the wearer practically invisible in flash photography. Holmes has asked for suggestions for additions to the line in the comments section of the product’s web-page.
Mr. Holmes, who works with Paul McCartney, said that he was inspired to create the collection after he realised the reflective clothes he wears when he is on stage were spoiling the pictures. "While I wasn't happy that many of my photos were ruined, it gave me the idea that, perhaps, I could use this technology to design clothes which could make photos worthless-perfect for those who don't want their picture taken." he wrote.
He developed his product for a competition on new ideas called "Think Tank", which allows people to decide which items deserve to be funded and produced. These clothes are currently unavailable for buying, but fans have 20 more days to vote for them on the Think Tank website in the hope that they will eventually be sold in shops.
One person who will no doubt be delighted to see the concept turned into a reality is model Cara Delevingne, who is well-known for being one of the most photographed women in the world. In November, the model was actually seen wearing a reflective silver jacket made especially for her. The jacket was given to the star in order to test whether it actually worked when facing some of the world's most persistent celebrity photographers.
Your computer knows you better than your friends do - PAU 2015
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
Scientists at the University of Cambridge showed that their software was able to predict somebody’s personality more accurately than a work colleague by analysing just 10 Facebook "likes". Inputting 70 "likes" allowed it to give a truer picture of someone’s character than a friend or flatmate could offer, while 150 "likes" out-performed a parent, brother or sister. It took 300 "likes" before the programme was able to judge character better than a husband or wife. Given that an average Facebook user has about 227 "likes", the researchers say this kind of artificial intelligence has the potential to know us better than our closest companions.
According to one of the scientists involved, Dr. Youyou, "Employers could match candidates with jobs better based on their personality. People may decide to improve their own intuitions with this kind of data analysis when making life decisions such as choosing their studies, jobs, hobbies or even romantic partners. Such computer-aided decisions may well improve people’s lives."
But the researchers share the concerns of those who fear a future in which our characteristics and habits become an "open book" for computers to read. However, they hope that governments and technology developers will confront those problems by supporting privacy-protecting laws and technologies, and giving the users full control over their digital footprints.
Student raises over £21,000 for homeless man who offered her money - PAU inglés 2015
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
“I was touched by such a kind gesture from a man who faces prejudice every day. He has been homeless for 7 months through no fault of his own and needs to get back on his feet but cannot get work due to having no permanent place to live. So that’s when I decided to change Robbie’s life and help him,” Dominique explains on her donation page.
The campaign has received global attention and has become very popular by spreading rapidly on social media. Since the fundraising page was set up, it has frequently reported technical difficulties due to an unusually high number of visitors. Many have tweeted their support, including Ian Brown of the Stone Roses.
Dominique says the money will be used to find a home for Robbie and help other homeless people in the city. In fact, with Robbie’s agreement, she wants to help as many people without shelter as she can. Robbie has already suggested some local charities within Preston who have helped not only him but others throughout their adversity.
“The next few days will be spent carefully deciding where to donate the money and how it can be used in the most efficient way to benefit the homeless community within Preston,” she says on her Facebook page.
Headphones are a danger to life - PAU inglés 2014
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
Walking with your head in the clouds can be dangerous – but not as risky as listening to your iPod. The numbers of people suffering serious injury or death while wearing headphones for MP3 players has tripled in six years, according to a US study. An increase in the use of headphones while walking in the street has led to a dramatic rise in the number of injuries, with men and young adults the most at risk from hurting themselves.
In the study, experts looked at data from 2004 to 2011. They found that 116 people in the US wearing headphones had died or been seriously hurt during that period. The number of people who died or were injured jumped from 16 in 2004-2005 to 47 in 2010-2011. Most victims were men (68%) and under the age of 30 (67%), with about one in 10 of all cases under the age of 18.
According to the study, published in the online journal Injury Prevention, 70% of the incidents resulted in death. The study found that wearing headphones may have played a direct part in many of the accidents, because the users could not hear warnings that they were in danger. The experts concluded: “The use of headphones may result in a safety risk to pedestrians, especially in environments with moving vehicles.”
Other studies have found that people wearing headphones – or who are talking on a mobile phone – can suffer from ‘inattentional blindness’ or ‘iPod oblivion’. This is a reduction in attention to the outside world and it can lead to people paying less attention to traffic when they cross the street.
Kevin Clinton, the head of road safety at the UK Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, advised pedestrians with headphones to: “Ensure you are not dangerously distracted and that you remain aware of what is happening around you.”
Wanted: Two drinking pals for dad - PAU inglés 2014
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
When Jack Hammond, 88, moved from his flat in Hampshire, southern England, to a nursing home 20 miles away, he struggled to find someone to have a beer with. Nearly all the residents of the home are women and Hammond, a radar technician during the Second World War, felt embarrassed asking the ladies to go for a drink with him.
As a last resort, Jack’s son, Mike, put an advert in the post office asking for a man with similar interests and background to accompany his dad to the pub. He offered £7 an hour plus expenses.
Mike was so inundated with offers that he interviewed all the candidates by phone. He then asked a small group of men to join him and Jack for a trial drink in the pub. The successful pair Mike finally chose were Henry Rosenvinge, 58, a former doctor, and Trevor Pugh, 78, a retired kitchen fitter. They will now spend several nights a week with Jack chatting about military history and current affairs.
Pugh said: “I like having topical discussions and meeting new people and I’m happy to take him down the pub. We are both ex-army so we have that in common.” He will accept the hourly fee to boost his pension, but he will not take the expenses. On the other hand, Rosenvinge will do the job for free. He said: “He has a lot of stories and we are both from Lancashire so we have a lot we can talk about.”
Mike has no regrets because his father has stopped feeling miserable and lonely. Ideally, Jack wanted to be taken out for a drink seven nights a week but his son cannot go out with him that often. Jack will now be going five times a week — three with his new friends and twice with his son.
Why do young readers prefer print to e-books? - PAU inglés 2014
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
A recent survey by Voxburner, a British marketing strategy agency, has suggested that 62% of 16- to 24-year-olds prefer reading printed books to e-books. The research is especially interesting, as it reflects the opinions of people that are as dependent on mobile phones and laptops as they are on oxygen and water.
The two main reasons for preferring print are value for money and an attachment to physical books. In fact, more than 25% of the participants in the study think that ebooks are priced too high. They explained that, if you buy a book, you can share it with as many friends as you like. On the other hand, if you get it in an electronic format, you would have to lend your e-reading device out in order for anyone else to read it.
The top-rated emotional comments for preferring physical to digital products are "I like to hold the product", "I like the smell" and "I like the packaging". However, if traditional books and e-books contain the same content, aren't they basically the same thing?
The 20th century philosopher Jacques Derrida thought so. In his book Paper Machine, he described the transition his generation had seen from the pen to the introduction of the electronic typewriter and the computer. According to him, the ebook is just a phase in the evolution of reading technologies. Following his argument, e-books are not less natural than the printed ones, but people may feel that way because paper books have always been around.
Considering that millions of people read and generate billions of words per day on computers across the world, why can't young people come to terms with e-books?
They read the news, their mail, advertisements and text messages in a digital format on a daily basis. In fact, they belong to a generation umbilically linked to their mobiles and laptops so, why are they so resistant to e-books?
Rome bans lovers' locks to protect bridge - PAU inglés 2014
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
Thousands of ‘love locks’ fixed to an ancient bridge in Rome, the Italian capital, have been cut off to save the structure from damage. For years teenage lovers have written their initials on the love locks and attach them to the bridge. They have then sworn eternal love for each other and thrown the key into the Tiber river below. The habit has also become popular at other bridges around the world, particularly in Paris.
The love lock idea was first inspired by characters in the 2006 Italian teenage novel I want you, written by Federico Moccia. In the book, a young couple places a bicycle lock around a lamp post on the Milvian bridge and throws the key into the Tiber. The famous bridge was first built in 206 BC and is one of the oldest in Rome. It was the scene of an important Roman battle in AD 312.
In 2007 a lamp post on the ancient bridge almost collapsed under the weight of the love locks and special posts were put up for them. But last month officials said that enough was enough. “We decided to remove the love locks to restore the decorum of the bridge,” said the local area president, Gianni Giacomini. Since the habit started, the residential neighbourhood has become a busy centre for late-night bars and city officials said that 86% of local people wanted the locks to go. They promised to give the love locks a place in a Rome museum and said they would create a spot near the bridge where locks could be left in the future.
“The bridge will be guarded day and night to stop more locks being attached,” said local public official Stefano Erbaggi. However, Federico Moccia is unhappy about the move. “The removal of the locks is inconsiderate,” he told the newspaper La Repubblica. “Rome is giving Paris the ‘bridge of love’ tradition which was born here and should stay here.”
EOI País Vasco alemán B1 resuelto - Große Architekten sind nie zufrieden mit der Welt – und das ist gut so
Es gibt genügend Beispiele dafür, dass Regierungen Architekten engagierten, um ihre politischen Absichten in Bauten zu manifestieren. So entwarf der brasilianische Architekt Oscar Niemeyer für die Regierung irgendwo im Nirgendwo die Hauptstadt Brasilia, mit der sich für Brasilien der Aufbruch in eine neue Zeit verband. Visionen sind wichtig, um die Zukunft zu meistern. Heute suchen Architekten vor allem nach Antworten auf Fragen wie die nach der Erderwärmung oder nach sozialen Ungerechtigkeiten. Niedrigenergiehäuser für Privatleute, aber auch für Firmen werden das Stadtbild in Zukunft prägen. Bekannte Architekten wie Rem Koolhaas, Zaha Hadid oder Jürgen Mayer zeigen, dass in der Architektur oftmals aus visionären Entwürfen Antworten auf die gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen entstehen.
Wenn alle anderen Klassenkameraden mehr haben - PAU Alemán País Vasco 2013
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| Photo: Xue Jianyue |
Meine Schule liegt in einer wohlhabenden Gegend, dem Westend in Frankfurt. Dort mache ich nächstes Jahr mein Abitur. Mein Glück ist, dass ich nicht die Einzige bin, deren Familie wenig Geld hat. Es gehen auch Kinder aus dem weniger betuchten Gallus-Viertel auf mein Gymnasium. Armut bedeutet für mich, dass wir uns über alle Anschaffungen Gedanken machen müssen und nie Geld da ist, wenn es für mich drauf ankommt: Für Studienreisen zum Beispiel können meine Mitschüler Angebote in Japan, Rom oder den USA annehmen. Ich kann nur an obligatorischen Klassenfahrten teilnehmen, weil die vom Amt bezahlt werden. Ich muss dann jedes Mal einen sogenannten Beihilfeantrag vom Lehrer unterschreiben lassen. Das ist unangenehm, weil es die anderen oft mitkriegen.
Meine Mutter ist mit Ende Zwanzig als politischer Flüchtling aus dem Iran nach Deutschland gekommen. Weil ihre Zeugnisse hier nicht anerkannt wurden, hat sie ihr Abitur noch einmal gemacht und Soziologie studiert. Vor zwei Jahren hat sie eine Ausbildung zur Erzieherin begonnen und arbeitet nun in Teilzeit an einer Schule.
Insgesamt hat sie so um die 1.100 Euro im Monat für uns drei. Taschengeld ist für uns nicht drin. Mein Zukunftswunsch: Medizin studieren und später bei „Ärzte ohne Grenzen“ im Ausland arbeiten. Ich möchte anderen Menschen helfen und Dinge tun, die mich glücklich machen.
EOI País Vasco almán B1 resuelto - Organisiertes Verbrechen im Netz
Die neue europäische Cyberpolizei macht im Internet Jagd auf Schwerverbrecher.
Was vor ein paar Jahren noch Inhalt eines Science-Fiction-Romans gewesen wäre, ist heute Realität: Im Internet treiben Verbrecherbanden ihr Unwesen und machen sich bewaffnet mit der Maus über Ersparnisse und Kreditkartenkonten her. In den virtuellen Briefkästen häufen sich täuschend echt aussehende E-Mails, die angeblich von Banken oder Zahlsystemen wie PayPal versendet werden und den Empfänger dazu auffordern, seine Passwörter preiszugeben. Phishing heißt diese Methode. In der Europäischen Union gibt es für Cyberkriminelle viel zu holen, über 70 Prozent der Europäer sind online, kommunizieren, shoppen, informieren und unterhalten sich im Netz. Seit Januar 2013 hat die EU ihre eigene Cyberpolizei.
Das European Cybercrime Centre (EC3) mit Sitz in Den Haag ist eine Abteilung der europäischen Polizeibehörde Europol und kooperiert mit nationalen Organisationen wie dem deutschen Bundeskriminalamt. Die Verbrecher im Visier der Ermittler sind keine Einzeltäter aus der Hacker-Szene. Laut der internationalen Polizeiorganisation Interpol, mit der das EC3 eng zusammenarbeitet, sind Banden weltweit mittlerweile für über 80 Prozent der im Internet begangenen Kriminalität verantwortlich. Es handelt sich längst um organisiertes Verbrechen im großen Stil, vergleichbar mit dem internationalen Drogenhandel. Verluste durch Cyber-Raubzüge schätzt Interpol allein in Europa auf rund 750 Milliarden Euro pro Jahr.
Verbrechen im Netz werde es in den kommenden Jahren noch mehr geben, befürchtet Troels Oerting, Chef des EC3: "Mit der wachsenden Vernetzung ärmerer Gegenden in Afrika, Südamerika, Asien oder auch Osteuropa wird eine große Welle".
Fugitive's Facebook habit leads to arrest - PAU inglés 2013
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
School girls want plastic surgery - PAU inglés 2013 País Vasco
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
British youngsters are more and more image-conscious and they decide to undergo plastic surgery in growing numbers. The Observer found many clinics admitting to having given breast implants to girls of 15 and 16.Sandra’s story is typical. At 17, she cannot yet marry without parent’s consent, buy alcohol, or vote. But she prides herself on her silicone-enhanced breasts in front of her jealous friends. “I feel more confident now and wear low tops.” The operation cost her father £2,450. She thinks he paid it to irritate her mother, from whom he is separated. Sandra is among an estimated 65,000 Britons who have cosmetic surgery each year. Out of these, 20 per cent will need corrective surgery later. There are risks in adolescents having surgery before they have stopped growing. A surgically reduced nose, for example, may deform as it grows. Even so, Dr. Eileen Bradbury, a psychologist from London’s Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, explained that we should not demonise cosmetic surgery because it can be of enormous help to those people who would otherwise be terribly unhappy. But the problem is that children today face a sense of competition in looking as good as possible. “Even the boys” – she said- “You can’t just be a great footballer, you have to look like Beckham too.” Plastic surgery seems to be a business without ethical limits to make a profit. Some plastic surgery clinics offer free consultation and do not discuss the potential risks this kind of operations might have. However, they do discuss credit card payments and offer discounts for two procedures (nose job and liposuction) done at once. This information does not surprise Ann Clywd, a Labour Member of Parliament who has been a long-time activist for clinic regulation. She believes that young girls are particularly vulnerable to sales techniques and that a lower age limit for plastic surgeon operations should be set.
The amazing story of Gerald Nathanson, who graduated at the age of 78 - PAU inglés 2013 País Vasco
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
I grew up in wartime Britain and my education was completely destroyed by the war. I was evacuated twice as a child – once, aged five, when the Second World War broke out, and a second time in 1940, when I was sent to Lancashire for two years.After the war, I worked as a taxi driver for 42 years, but always felt very conscious that I hadn't received an education. So I enrolled in Birkbeck College (London), which specialises in evening classes.
It hasn't been an easy journey, but I feel privileged to have experienced student life. I soon realised that catching up on the education I had missed as a child wouldn't be a simple task. However, I had the support of my tutors who were able to guide me. The other students also helped to carry me through. There were students in their 20s and even one was in her 60s, but the average age was probably around 40.
My family was another source of support and encouragement. My wife Carole put aside everything to help me get my degree. She let me have the dining room, which I covered with books, articles and notes.
The day I found out I'd passed my degree was full of emotion. You can never be sure that you're going to make it – not until you've made it through the last exam. When I saw the results on my computer screen, I called Carole in and we both cried. I couldn't believe it.
The graduation ceremony was one of the proudest moments of my life. My wife, my two sons, my classmates and my tutors were all there to share the moment with me. When I heard my name read out and crossed the stage I was able to say that I truly had fulfilled a lifetime ambition.
Michaela Deprince: The war orphan who became ballerina - PAU 2013
>Exámenes selectividad inglés País Vasco resueltos
A professional stage debut is an important event in the life of any ballerina, but Michaela DePrince's recent tour of South Africa also marked the end of an extraordinary journey from a war orphan to a teen ballerina.
She was born in Sierra Leone in 1995, during the civil war. She grew up in an orphanage, where she was just a number. "They named us from one to 27," she recalls. "One was the favourite child of the orphanage and 27 was the least favourite."
Michaela was number 27 because she suffers from vitiligo, a condition in which parts of skin lose pigmentation. To the "Aunties" who ran the orphanage, it was evidence of the evil spirit. They told her every day how she wasn't going to get adopted because nobody would want a devil's child. Michaela formed a close friendship with Mia, child number 26, who was disliked by the Aunties because she was left-handed.
Their lives changed abruptly when they both were adopted by Elaine and Charles DePrince, an American couple from New Jersey. Their new mother quickly noticed Michaela's fascination with ballet and enrolled her in the Rock School of Dance in Philadelphia, driving from New Jersey every day.
At the beginning Michaela remained a shy girl, painfully embarrassed about her vitiligo. One day, she asked one of her ballet teachers if she thought her skin condition might hold back her career. The teacher asked her what she was talking about. She hadn't even noticed the white marks on her skin. She had just been watching her steps. That was a significant moment for her.
Now she is seventeen and has just completed a tour with the Dance Theatre of Harlem. She knows things in ballet are not easy, but she has high hopes for the future. “In fact, I´m living a dream come true every single day”, she says.
EOI País Vasco alemán B1 resuelto - Ich will das alles gar nicht wissen
Manchmal wäre man froh, wenn das Hirn eine Festplatte wäre, von der man einiges löschen könnte. Oder sogar vieles…
Stell dir vor, du würdest an Fresssucht leiden. Immer mehr stopfst du in dich hinein, der Bauch wird immer dicker, und der Hunger hört niemals auf. So geht es mir.
Morgens, direkt nachdem ich den Wecker ausschalte, ziehe ich mir den ersten Happen rein, noch im Bett: Facebook erzählt, dass sich Flo von seiner Freundin getrennt hat. Danach in die Küche und Kaffee kochen. Das Radio läuft: Der neue Berliner Flughafen soll später kommen. Beim Frühstück flimmert „Tagesschau 24“ im Livestream. Später müssen Youtube-Videos als Snack zwischendurch herhalten: Ein Affe im Zoo vergewaltigt einen Frosch. Der Tag endet mit den „Tagesthemen“, der neue beginnt mit Facebook.
Ich bin süchtig nach Informationen. Sie sind heutzutage einfach zu beschaffen und günstiger als billig, nämlich kostenlos. Das Problem ist die Qualität. Wie eine schlechte Currywurst liegt sie schwer im Magen. Los wird man den Mist nicht mehr, hartnäckig überlagert er dabei die wichtigen Informationen. An die zuletzt gelernten Französischvokabeln erinnere ich mich nicht, dafür beispielsweise an einen uralten Werbeslogan: „Nichts ist unmöglich“. Daneben grummelt im Magen ein Wikipedia-Artikel über die Starfighter-Affäre – „116 Soldaten verunglückt“ –, auf den ich während einer Recherche zu einem ganz anderen Thema stieß – wie immer...
An der Bushaltestelle, in der Vorlesung, in der Warteschlange an der Kasse – der Alltag lässt erahnen, was die Forscher wissen: Seit 1960 hat sich der tägliche Informationskonsum verdreifacht. Der Durchschnittsdeutsche verbringt monatlich mehr als 24 Stunden im Netz und hockt etwa 112 Stunden vor der Glotze. Ich habe keinen Fernseher, bin dafür aber 150 Stunden online. Damit vermeide ich zwar den TV-Trash, aber vieles auf Facebook, Twitter und Youtube ist auch nicht gehaltvoller. Ich mache jetzt erst einmal eine Diät.
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